Health risk appraisal Free Essays

1. What areas of information are missing from this appraisal that would be helpful to you as a clinician? Though the appraisal was quite thorough, it did lack appropriate information regarding patient and family medical history (Chowdhury et al., 2002). We will write a custom essay sample on Health risk appraisal or any similar topic only for you Order Now While the patient’s lifestyle has an undisputed influence on any health problems he or she might be experiencing, insight into medical history has the potential to reveal genetic propensities that might weigh heavily on the patient’s health (2002). Also missing from this appraisal form is information regarding medications currently being taken by the patient. This is also useful to the clinician as it gives an idea of previous/existing conditions as well as the possibilities for side-effects, allergies, and interference with the drugs that might be presently prescribed for the patient (Nordenberg, 2000). 2. How can this tool be used to create a plan of care? This tool could be used to create a lifestyle change care-plan. The tool probes a wide variety of life-style areas and has the potential to reveal areas in which the patient has compromised his or her health by making and perpetuating bad lifestyle choices. Dietary assessments can be made and regimens created to improve the patient’s nutrition. Physical activity level is also made very accessible by this tool, and exercise plans can be created and modified for the patient starting with the assessment made using this tool. 3. What areas of the appraisal had you not considered previously in your assessments that you now recognize as being beneficial? The safety issues and the environmental issues were areas I had not previously considered in my assessments. I do see the necessity of these factors now, as decisions made regarding safety and environment can contribute as much to the well-being of a patient as diet and exercise. If, for example, a patient is routinely involved in mixing drinking with driving, then life expectancy will likely be reduced, even in the presence of regular exercise, proper diet, and good family medical history. 4. Would you use this appraisal with all assessments? Because of the nature of the lifestyle questions, which seem to be better suited for certain demographics, I would not use this appraisal with all assessments. If not, which aggregates or situations would you implement it with? I believe that the nature of the lifestyle questions dictate that the appraisal in its entirety is best suited for a healthy young population. The aged and aging might be able to relate to the dietary and safety questions, but will likely not be able to relate to those areas concerning strenuous physical activity. If you do not implement it with all clients, what measures will you include in order not to miss at-risk persons? I will incorporate many of the questions but not all of the sections. For example, the physical activity sections might be modified to accommodate lower levels of strain for geriatric patients. Furthermore, since falling is a hazard for older patients, balancing activities may also be included in that section. The dietary section could also be modified to include some of the areas necessary for geriatric patients, such as increased consumption of protein, calcium, and other minerals that deplete with aging. 5. What two things would you suggest to improve this health risk appraisal tool? In order to improve the tool, I would include measures of such lifestyle areas as stress levels and the patients’ financial capabilities. These too have the potential to increase the risk of illness in patients or to preclude their ability to properly care for their illnesses. 6. How could this tool be adapted to meet the time constraints of the nurse yet be comprehensive at the same time? One way to expedite time in the process of collecting the information would be to distribute the assessment to the patients prior to their meeting with the nurse. This way, the patients will be granted the time to fill it out at their leisure before bringing it in at the time of consultation. 7. How can the nurse use information gained from this appraisal to encourage or motivate others to change their behavior or lifestyle? The point system that the test utilizes has the potential to motivate patients, as higher scores boost morale and lower ones demonstrate that greater efforts would improve the patients’ lives. The breakdown of the test into areas also allows the patient to pinpoint the areas where changes would be appropriate. Therefore, stressing the benefits of behavior and lifestyle change in those areas would also encourage the patient to do what is necessary to get these desirable results. 8. How can the nurse ensure honest responses for the client in answering personal questions? In order to promote honesty, the nurse would ensure the confidentiality of the consultation as well as of the results of the assessment. Meeting in a private area would emphasize this, as would the use of envelopes as containers for the completed questionnaires. The nurse should also formally assure the patient of the confidentiality with which the information provided will be treated, and see to it that all other workers adhere to privacy guidelines. References Chowdury,   M. V. Chongsuvivatwong, A. F. Geater, H. H. Akhter, T. Winn (2002). â€Å"Taking a medical history and using a colour scale during clinical examination of pallor improves   Ã‚  Ã‚   detection of anaemia.† Tropical Medicine International Health 7 (2), 133–139. Nordenberg, T. (2000). â€Å"Make no mistake: medical errors can be deadly serious.† FDA    Consumer Magazine. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved on March from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.fda.gov/fdac/features/2000/500_err.html How to cite Health risk appraisal, Essay examples

Empathy in the Film Beneath Hill 60 Essay Example For Students

Empathy in the Film Beneath Hill 60 Essay In film, the emotion of empathy has the power to draw the audience further into the plot of the story. Using specific techniques to create empathy, we often notice that the movie will touch more hearts worldwide. The director of the film Beneath Hill 60 has used film techniques to ensure that the audience becomes attached to each character in a certain way. The way empathy is portrayed in this movie is by flashbacks, love and romance, death situations, and age. Woodward, also known as Woody, is the main character of this film. Throughout the text, the producers use film techniques to draw empathy from the audience towards the character. The main technique used periodically throughout the film is the flashbacks from Woodward’s past just before he signed up for the war. The producers create flashbacks to show Woodward and Marjorie’s journey of slowly falling in love with one another. Love is what brings the audience wanting Woodward to make it back from war so he can be with his soul mate. This brings the audience closer towards both, as they would be empathetic towards the situation given as there is no guarantee that Woodward would make it back home from war. Each flashback that the producers and scriptwriters from ‘Beneath Hill 60 show us is the couples love story from the start to the end. We as an audience get to see, and become attached, to how in love the two characters are. In this film text Woodward’s flashbacks show that he asks Marjorie’s father if he has permission to send letters to her. We see in this movie that he sends a jewellery box to her as a gift, made by his fellow soldier, Tiffin. This jewellery appears another two times in the movie, at the start and at the end. This jewellery box is symbolic of the horrors of war, and Tiffin trying to still find light and further his hobby in carpentry by giving his captain, Woody, a gift for his lady. Woodward was the captain of all the miners who had also enlisted into the war, and he met Tiffin at the very start. Tiffin was a young 16 year old who was not ready to join the war. As the story of the film progresses the producers use film techniques to make us feel sympathy for Tiffin. One major technique and scene in this text was when Tiffin was left behind towards the end, in a small, dark, cramped tunnel underground. He didnt have much time, and couldve been saved. The audience was made to feel attached to him at that specific moment, as the filmmakers showed him sitting there, waiting to be saved. As they were showing this, they also had Woodward sitting in the trench waiting to pull the trigger to set off the explosion that ended the war at Hill 60, while also being given an ultimatum. He knew Tiffin was down there, and had time to go and save him, but he also could not as he had everyone else’s lives on his hands. Who knew what wouldve happened if he did not pull the trigger as planned? This is the one film technique that made a massive impact on the audience as they are left with the unknown. At the end of the film there is one other major technique used, and that was when the miners had gotten back from the war and were having their picture taken. Woodward picks up the jewellery box and stares at it in remembrance of Tiffin. The viewers also notice that while the picture is being taken a fellow miner/soldier that has been traumatised from the war break down as he keeps checking for bombs and gunshots. This then makes the audience feel empathetic for him and all the soldiers who had fought in the war, as it is a horrible thing that no person should ever of had to face. .ud460707d9ec7e2bac72ebd5ff930c4d4 , .ud460707d9ec7e2bac72ebd5ff930c4d4 .postImageUrl , .ud460707d9ec7e2bac72ebd5ff930c4d4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud460707d9ec7e2bac72ebd5ff930c4d4 , .ud460707d9ec7e2bac72ebd5ff930c4d4:hover , .ud460707d9ec7e2bac72ebd5ff930c4d4:visited , .ud460707d9ec7e2bac72ebd5ff930c4d4:active { border:0!important; } .ud460707d9ec7e2bac72ebd5ff930c4d4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud460707d9ec7e2bac72ebd5ff930c4d4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud460707d9ec7e2bac72ebd5ff930c4d4:active , .ud460707d9ec7e2bac72ebd5ff930c4d4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud460707d9ec7e2bac72ebd5ff930c4d4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud460707d9ec7e2bac72ebd5ff930c4d4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud460707d9ec7e2bac72ebd5ff930c4d4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud460707d9ec7e2bac72ebd5ff930c4d4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud460707d9ec7e2bac72ebd5ff930c4d4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud460707d9ec7e2bac72ebd5ff930c4d4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud460707d9ec7e2bac72ebd5ff930c4d4 .ud460707d9ec7e2bac72ebd5ff930c4d4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud460707d9ec7e2bac72ebd5ff930c4d4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: O Brother Where Art Thou? Argumentative EssayBibliography: http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/beneath_hill_60/

Adult Development free essay sample

This paper discusses the concept of adult development explaining the role of work in adult development. It will focus on why people work and ones views on work or leisure. This paper discusses the concept of adult development explaining the role of work in adult development. It will focus on why people work and ones views on work or leisure. From the paper: Before the start of the industrial revolution in the late nineteenth century, people of all ages inhabited the same social world. Children of all ages were educated together. Children and teenagers worked alongside adults on farms and in factories. Several generations often started one household. Neither children nor old people were set apart from the rest of society on the grounds that they were too young or too old to participate. By the middle of the twentieth century, age consciousness had emerged and people in developed cultures had become accustomed to thinking of life as a progression of distinct ages. We will write a custom essay sample on Adult Development or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Medical students had established pediatrics, the treatment of children and geriatrics, and the treatment of old people. Birthday celebrations had become a commercial enterprise.

Describe and explain the atheistic rejection of miracles Essay Example

Describe and explain the atheistic rejection of miracles Essay Example Describe and explain the atheistic rejection of miracles Essay Describe and explain the atheistic rejection of miracles Essay The existence of miracles is much debated amongst scholars, both atheist and theist. This is largely because the term miracle’ is multifaceted, as it means different things to different people. This subjectivity makes it incredibly hard to prove or disprove. For example, St Augustine said that a miracle is, An event we cannot forecast or expect with our present understanding of nature, whereas Aquinas defines a miracle as, things which are done by divine agency beyond the order commonly observed in nature.Swinburne offers an additional definition: If he (God) has reason to interact with us, he has reason very occasionally to intervene and suspend those natural laws by which our life is controlled. These competing definitions have a common link: they all involve the divine interfering with nature. The atheist disbelieves or lacks belief in the existence of God or gods. Therefore it follows that they would reject the idea of divine intervention. Nevertheless, atheists have produced many detailed critiques of theistic miracles. In examining such critiques a good place to start would be the writings of Hume.In An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, 1748, David Hume defined a miracle as, a transgression of a law of nature by a particular violation of the Deity or by the interposition of some invisible agent. Hume’s attack on miracles seems to be on the anti-realist view: the breaking into the world or breaking natural laws. He argued that breaking such laws would be illogical. Hume was an empiricist, which means that he used his experience as his guide in matters of fact. But he excluded the experiences of others who made claim to miracles.He put forward four main arguments of why this could not be possible, starting with his belief that there has never been sufficient witness. Miracles are of necessity very rare and improbable. It is much more probable that the historical testimony is false than that the miracle actually occurred; therefore a wise man will not believe the historical testimony to the miracle since no testimony is sufficient to establish a miracle.Hume would only believe in a miracle if its non-occurrence was more miraculous than the occurrence. However, Hume has very high standards for what a sufficient witness would be. They must be educated and held in high regard, and there must be an unspecified large number of them. Would Hume himself even qualify as a good witness using this criteria? Here Swinburne’s principle of credulity and testimony is a relevant counter argument to Hume; Swinburne argued that if it seems to a subject that x is present, then probably x is present. Generally, says Swinburne, it is reasonable to believe that the world is probably as we experience it to be.Secondly, those testifying to the miracle will have a natural tendency to suspend their reason and support the claim. While we should normally believe that which most closely accords itself with past experience, the sensations of surprise and wonder often lead us to unreasonable beliefs. There are countless instances fictitious stories that are widely believed not for logical reasons, but because of a love for sensationalism. This ties into Hume’s third criticism, where he argues miracles are only accepted in, ignorant and barbarous nations. If a nation is not as scientifically advanced as us, then they may take events we know to be natural as miracles. An example of this would be solar and lunar eclipses. We have a scientific explanation, but in many countries around the world they are still viewed as supernatural occurrences – in other words, they believe them to be miracles.Finally, Hume’s fourth point argues that all major religions claim miracles, and that they can’t all be correct; therefore none of them are legitimate. This is probably the weakest of all of Hume’s arguments, because even the Bible has records of Jews and Gentiles witnessing the same miracles. Hume is not necessarily saying that miracles are impossible and do not happen. What he is saying is that the evidence will always be insufficient to warrant belief.Other scholars have built upon the work of Hume to criticise miracles further. Anthony Flew also challenges the conventional idea of miracles and his work can be used to supplement that of Hume. Flew claims that although the evidence for extraordinary events at places like Lourdes is good, this does not prove that the extraordinary events have been brought about by the agency of God. Perhaps, instead, we may be dealing with evidence of the remarkable power of the human mind. It may be possible that, under the right conditions, our minds can bring about changes in our bodies. Flew’s claim is that breaches of what we understand to be natural law can occur by the proper response should be to spend more money on research rather than to say God did it. However, it is worth noting that Flew renounced his atheist views only six years before his death.Another key criticism of miracles is that laws of nature’ may not even exist. John Hick defines natural laws as generalisations formulated retrospectively to cover whatever has, in fact, happened, in which case, bearing in mind that a miracle is a breech of the natural law, he argues, We can declare a priori that there ar e no miracles. Upon this basis, the occurrence of an unusual, previously unwitnessed event should make us widen our understanding of the natural law so as to incorporate the possibility of the new event.If we take every new event as a miracle we will never be able to learn and expand our knowledge about nature. Ultimately, atheists accuse theists of being ignorant when it comes to miracles. Just because you can’t explain an occurrence doesn’t mean that it is an act of God. New things are being discovered about nature and how it functions all the time. What we believe to be impossible now may be proven otherwise in the future. To quote Atkins, To believe in miracle is intellectual suicide.

Assignment report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Assignment report - Essay Example It is an inter-disciplinary field that requires expertise from business management, resource management, statistics etc. Access to organized and structured form of information yields a lot of opportunities for businesses- it not only saves time from researching and organizing information collected from eclectic sources, but it also facilitates in making the decision process easier and less time consuming. The aim of this paper is to explore the role of effective management skills in libraries, information systems and virtual teams, specifically those operating in the construction industry. The paper discusses how each one is managed, and gives an overview of funding and marketing in library and information systems. Information systems, abbreviated as IS, is the department that is in charge of the management of computers, data and networking. It can be of different types depending on the needs of the business and the level of organizational hierarchy. They can be either structural databases or software to manage information. An information system is responsible for the compilation of date so that it becomes meaningful information. Information and data differ in the respect that data is raw facts whereas information is the end product of the process of transformation of data into a more organized and meaningful form. Information helps a firm evaluate and make decisions. The assessment of a firm’s management apropos to the efficient and profitable use of firm’s resources is usually made on the basis of economic performance obtained from information on periodic earnings (Epstein et al., 2009).The value and worth of information affects the decisions of the organization and profoundly influences the achievement of the aims of the company. Good information is relevant, usable, reliable and exhaustive. Since information helps companies make decisions and put it into action,

Care of the highly dependent postoperative patient Essay

Care of the highly dependent postoperative patient - Essay Example He had a bloc resection of rectal cancer and had been treated with sigmoid colectomy. Right hemicolectomy fallowed by HIPES (treated intra peritoney chemotherapy) solitary liver metastasis. The patient came into recovery room breathing spontaneously. His blood pressure was110/60. His pulse 82, resps 9, SpO2 with oxygen 40% via face mask. Right Jugular CVP line left hand arterial line, intercostals x2, bupivacain 0.25%. Silicon drain and abovac plasma lite 1000. I.V. continued. CVP and arterial line has been attached to monitor. First 1/2 hour patient observation was done every 5 min.-ABCDE was administered. After 15 min. BP-high, puls-100, RR-normal. On question are u in pain, patient answer severe pain. Morphine PCA attached and explained how to use, continued with boluses of 2.5mg, morphine via PCA pump. After 1/2 hour arterial blood gas sample done, showing respiratory acidosis. Patient is with urinal catheter, urine output monitoring hourly. Fluids maintenance done, fluid balance monitoring hourly for 24 hours. This paper explores the post operative care of this patient. Variables such as the level of debility before surgery, operate complexity and severity of underlying cirrhosis appear to significantly influence the rapidity at which a patient progresses through his or her early postoperative recovery stage (Leaper, & Whitaker, 2010). Most of the key liver resections are attributed to the liver’s regenerative capacity. They are well tolerated by patients and it is rare for patients to experience biochemical abnormalities. Patients having compensated liver cirrhosis and the complications that come with it are more susceptible to intraoperative blood losses that make the organ functions to deteriorate and lead to the loss of its reserve capacity to withstand stress causing life-threatening complications (Leaper, & Whitaker, 2010).

Effect of Acute Stress and Chronis Stress on the Extent to Which Research Paper

Effect of Acute Stress and Chronis Stress on the Extent to Which College Freshment Exhibit Depressive Symptoms - Research Paper Example To this end, data will be collected from freshmen studying different courses in different universities in the state using the BDI-II, PSS and the Stress Scale for the Youth, and the data collected was analyzed using factorial ANOVA and Chi-Square. Title The effect of Acute Stress and Chronic Stress on the extent to which College Freshmen exhibit Depressive Symptoms Introduction Depression is a disorder that impacts affective, behavioral and cognitive aspects of an individual’s functioning, and affects anywhere between 8 – 12 % of individuals in the population (Kessler, Berglund, Demler, Jin, Merikangas, & Walters, 2005). Women are more susceptible to depression as compared to men, and nearly twice the number of women are diagnosed with depression as compared to men (Kessler et al, 2005). Individuals in their early adulthood are somewhat more likely to show signs of depression, and there seems to be a strong relationship between stressful events and the onset of depressi on (Kessler et al, 2005). ... Depression is associated with lowered achievement as well as an increased risk for suicidal ideation and attempts (Robbins, 2008). It is thus important to identify and provide support to at risk individuals. Towards this end, this study attempts to explore whether existing life stress and moving away from home to attend college can increase the risk faced by college freshmen for depressive symptoms. Review of Literature Depression is a mood disorder that finds its causes in a number of factors that include biological, sociological, genetic and psychological influences. There have been many theories that have attempted to explain the nature and incidence of depressive symptoms (Monroe, Slavich & Georgiades, 2008) ranging from theories that postulate the role of chemical changes in brain functioning (Tanti & Belzung, 2010) to evolutionary theories that attempt to explain the value of depression in survival (Sloman, Gilbert and Hasey, 2003). Tanti and Belzung (2010) have attempted to ex plain depression using a connectivist approach that uses information about different possible causes for a depressive episode as input nodes to an explanation of the individual’s symptoms and intensity of the condition. According to them, each possible cause affects the individual in a different way; and thus may produce different experiences and emotions. Using this information, it becomes possible to understand the particular manifestation of the illness in an individual on the basis of the reasons that brought about the episode. The theory also uses this model to suggest the utility of different treatment options, so that it may become possible to choose the most appropriate